Urinary microbiome transplantation in a feline calcium oxalate urolithiasis case: Where were the stones?

Abstract

We herein as a novel and breakthrough intervention described urinary microbiome transplantation (uMt) in a cat with calcium oxalate urolithiasis that respond to treatment. In this position paper, namely a case report, we hypothesized that differences in the urinary microbiome of a cat with calcium oxalate urolithiasis, would be associated with disease status. Therefore, we decided to change the microbiogeography of the urinary system through complete uMt [from a healthy, age/sex matched donor to recipient directly given to catheterized and diseased cat]. Clinical signs disappeared in the 72 hours period, in which hematuria, stranguria were no more evident for the following 8 weeks follow up period. Urinalysis and blood chemistry were switched to health status and calcium oxalate stones were dislodged as detected by re-evaluation of radiography. To the present authors knowledge this would be the first report for complete uMt in a cat with urolithiasis gave respond to treatment. Treatment protocols would replace old-fashioned drug therapy without response. Moreover, this technique would substitute unnecessary surgical interventions at least in selected cases. This unmatched breakthrough natural intervention should have helped several feline urolithiasis cases within the next future.